PRESENT TENSE
Present indefinite
- Used for showing action ,habits and universal truth.
- If the subject is singular (he,she or it) then ‘s’ or ‘es’ is added with the verb.
- SUBJECT + FIRST FORM OF VERB + OBJECT
Example. I write a story.
- In negative sentences do or does not is used with the first form of verb.
SUBJECT + DO NOT/DOES NOT+FIRST FORM OF VERB+OBJECT
Example. I do not write a story.
Present perfect
- Used for stories and for the skills.
- Points out that events which took place in the past but results in the present.
SUBJECT+HAS/HAVE + THIRD FORM OF VERB +OBJECT
Example. You have gone to the market.
- For negative sentences –
SUBJECT +HAS NOT/HAVE NOT +THIRD FORM OF VERB + OBJECT
Example. She has not written stories.
Present continuous
- Used for those action which is still going on.
- For positive sentence –
SUBJECT+IS/AM/ARE + FIRST FORM OF VERB+ING + OBJECT
Example. He is going to market.
I am doing household work.
They are watching movie.
- For negative sentence –
SUBJECT+IS/AM/ARE+NOT+FIRST FORM OF VERB +ING+OBJECT
Example. He is not going to market.
I am not doing household work.
They are not watching movie.
NOTE: ‘Is’ is used when subject is singular ( he,she,it), ‘am’ is used with ‘i’ and are is used when subject is plural (they,we etc.)
Present perfect continuous
- It points out the time.
- Used for expressing those action that started in the past and is still going on.
- For positive sentence:
SUBJECT+HAS/HAVE+BEEN+SINCE/FOR+VERB+ING+OBJECT
Example. He has been cooking for one hour.
- For negative sentence :
- SUBJECT+HAS/HAVE+BEEN+SINCE/FOR+VERB+ING+OBJECT
Example. He has not been cooking for one hour.
NOTE:- ‘FOR’ is used when time is given in terms of hours, minute, years, second, days, months etc. whereas since is used when we need to express the starting point of time.
Example. She has been in London since 1990.